英文摘要

英文摘要

（2016-05）

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Abstract：Since 2000s,as an important venue to enhance external government accountability,external government performance evaluation(EGPE)activities have been burgeoning in China.However,few studies have been conducted on the important phenomenon.To bridge the gap,in this article we examine the emergence and development of EGPE in China and evaluate its performance.We found that although the quality of EGPEs is generally satisfactory,EGPEs in China have some serious problems. We argue that EGPE in China needs to further improve its independence,validity and reliability.By releasing its raw data to the public for verification and duplication,EGPE will further improve its quality,credibility and functionality.Although EGPE in China as a tool to promote external government accountability is necessary and promising in the current context,effective performance management system that does not only serve hierarchical control and internal accountability but also external and democratic accountability requires systematic political and administrative reforms.

Key words：Government performance measurement；Third-party evaluation；External performance evaluation；Public administrative reform

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Abstract：Public participation has developed vibrantly in China,both theoretically and practically.However,due to the factors of the government,the public and the external environment,the impact of public participation on public policy process is limited.Analyzing two cases studies of public consultation and supervision committee in Guangzhou,this research compares different mechanisms of public participation and how they affect public policy process.It is found that the independence of public participation mechanism,the nature of policy issues and the involvement of interest groups and members of the organization affect the effectiveness of public participation and its impact on public policy.Such factors need to be considered to design more effective public participation models for China's further social development.

Key words：Public participation;the impact；the independence；Issues involved；Resource mobilization

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Abstract：The objective of this paper is not only to analyze the mechanism of the effect of multi-consultation on O to O（Online to Offline）of quasi public goods,but also to ease the city public transportation difficulties.This paper apply the methods of field survey,qualitative analysis and data association analysis to study the relationship between the negotiation platform,the consultation department,the negotiation response efficiency and the public satisfaction based on 85 cases from 2015 to 2012 in“may or mailbox”and“citizen hot-line”of Yan'an government website.The analysis reveals that Negotiation platform and consultation department jointly affect the effect of consultation.Because of more and more consultation departments,it prone to prevarication,response efficiency is lower,which leads to lower public satisfaction.The public satisfaction degree is lower in case that not with face-to-face but network.It also reveals that the communication method of face-to-face is more satisfaction that network to a certain extent.There is no significant correlation between waiting time and public satisfaction.The waiting time is shorter,then the public satisfaction is higher.The response efficiency of the single information platform is lower than that of the O to O.At last,it puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to build flat management system as soon as possible, straighten out the department responsibilities,clear responsibilities,establish incentive and punishment mechanism,implement the O to O consultation system,and to promote the sound development of urban quasi-public goods supply.

Key words：Governance dilemma；Quasi-public goods；Consultative governance；Online to offline consultative；Public transport

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Abstract：Through the participatory observation of the contact point operation,the paper found that the current leadership contact point operation didn't set up the direct connection between the leader and the grass-root society,but established a complex organization operation network instead.On the one hand,this is because the leaders and their agents cann't rely on the traditional campaign-style governance in the grass-roots social to get success.They have to rely on the bureaucracy.On the other hand,due to its own poor governance source,if the grass-roots government want to complete its daily administrative tasks,as well as the solution of the historical issues,they must use some unconventional administrative ways,such as center work,to cooperate with the contact point leadership.Thus,in the same governance objectives,both the campaign-style governance and bureaucratic administration set up a dual-track coordination mechanism together.

Key words：Leadership Contact Point；Campaign-style governance；Bureaucracy；Dual-track coordination

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Abstract：In the contemporary China's political life,corruption are often conduct Edina collective way,which is correlated nested discretion structure embedded in government.This structure have three features：discretionary,embedding and operating by informal instructions under specific conditions.In official-merchant relationship,this structure makes corruption tend to be implemented by coordinating,what's more,under certain circumstances,this structure can lead to collective corruption in fields of personnel administration.Facing strong external stimulation and command,the nested discretion structure may generate a kind of network that serves for the private interest of official sand functions through in formal approaches.This network is one of the vital factor of collective structure.To deal with collective corruption,It is crucial to depress and utilize the nested structure of discretion at the same time.

Key words：Discretion；Nested structure；Collective corruption

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Abstract：Shanghai launched a standardized construction of community hospital in 2006.As the most basic medical resources, community hospitals are set up to relieve the strain on medical resources of high level.The function of community hospitals is to provide basic treatment of common diseases and health care for residents.But the rationality of the community hospitals configuration remains to be proven.This research adopts the method of spatial analysis and statistical analysis,combining with the demographic characteristics and the behavior of choosing hospitals,to analysis the rationality of basic medical resources allocation. This study found that the community hospitals haven't filled the loopholes of uneven configuration among high level hospitals yet. The matching degree between residents and medical resources is still irrational.Moreover,most of the residents still prefer to choose large general hospital rather than community hospital and equalization among older people and floating population need to be improved.

Key words：Basic medical resources；Spatial Arrangement；Accessibility；Medical Service Utilization

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Abstract：This study combining the theory of social mobility and the theory of gender stratification discussed that under the influence of social mobility how the gender income inequality present.This study based on the data from Shanghai University Shanghai Social Science Research Center`s Survey in 2012.The results show that there has gender inequality in occupation mobility for some of women,especially for the women who have lower occupational status.The results also show that there have different inequalities in gender income.On the one hand,there has no inequality between women and men who both had upward mobility.On the other hand,there has inequality between women and men who both had downward mobility.

Key words：Occupational mobility；Gender inequality；Income

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Abstract：This article from three aspects to explore the protection of labor rights and interests of trade unions：as a representative of the organization,trade unions actively safeguard the labor rights.As an organization of the shadow government,it reflects the balance between the labor and capital.Based on the efficiency of the mechanism,it does not support the labor rights and interests,reduce labor costs；based on the legitimacy of the mechanism,it maintenance labors'bottom line right.Different from previous studies,in this paper introduce the government and enterprise whether Party organizations as a proxy for the government of union,the relationship between government and enterprises on wages,which the relationship between government and enterprises plays a mediating role,inhibition of the double effect.The quantile regression results not only demonstrate the heterogeneity of trade unions,the relationship between influence,further support of the trade union representative,a shadow government governance role hypothesis.

Key words：Trade union；Developmental state；Labor rights；Wage effect of trade union

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Abstract：Ecology is the biggest characteristic of the northwest region,ecological resources are the most abundant resources in the northwest region.According to the Factor Endowment Theory and the Comparative Advantage Theory,it is the only way for the sustainable development of the northwest economy to keep the ecological priority and take the road of ecological development. The northwest region has certain industrial base,a long historical culture and unique resource,therefore promoting economic development in Northwest China must be based on actual features and advantages,to enhance the power of endogenous development and economic development.

Key words：Northwest region；Ecology priority；Economic upgrade

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Abstract：E-commerce as a new business model has become a new impetus to China's economic and social development.This paper uses empirical research methods and sets up index evaluation system,which is based on the field survey data of 14 cities of Gansu Province.It measures and ranks the development level of E-commerce in Gansu Province,and divide it into three types of regions：advanced,intermediate and potential region.The conclusion is that the development of E-commerce in the western region needs to strengthen government leadership,play an exemplary role,and so on.

Key words：The western region；E-commerce；Evaluation system；The ranking of the development

An Interactive Model of“Local-central”Government Performance Legislation: American Experience and Enlightenment

Shang HupingHan Qingying
（1.School of Politics and Public Administration，Soochow University/New Urbanization and Co-innovation Center for Social Governancein Jiangsu province，Suzhou 215000；2.NanKai Vniversity，Fianjin 300350）

Since the reform and opening up,the government performance management in China has the outstanding“Face project”issue,lacking of legal protection and guidance.Whereas in the leading American government performance evaluation,legislation in the course of development follow up a“local governments explore decentralized and advanced,the central absorb and keep abreast”path,but also in the legislative goal and content side.Through the analysis of the 33 state government performance legislation in the United States,we found that federal government and local government performance legislation has a common trend in the content.For us,it is necessary to establish a long-term mechanism of government performance management,including establish a legal system,encourage“Local first”,come up with national law sand timely revise and upgrade the legislation.

Performance evaluation；Government performance legislation；Local first；Local-central interaction

External Government Performance Evaluations in China：Evaluating the Evaluations

Yu WenxuanMa Liang
（1.Nanyang Technological University，Singapore639798；2.Renmin University of China，Beijing100872）

Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth in Vietnam——Based on 2002-2011 Provincial Panel Data Analysis

Ruan Yumei
（School of Politics and Public Affairs Management，Sun yat-sen University，Guangzhou 510275）

Organization，Issues and Members：the Public Consultation and Supervision Committee Model and its Impact on Public Policy

Ye LinLuo LiyeDeng Lifang
（Sun yat-sen University，Guangzhou 510275）

The Dilemma of Online to Offline Consultative Governance about Quasi-Public Goods——A Case Study of Public Transport in Yan'an

Hou Baozhu
（School of Public Administration，Yan'an University，Yan’an 716000）

The Organization and Operation Mechanism of Leadership Contact Point：A Synergetic Perspective Based on Campaign-style Governance and Bureaucracy

Li Yuanzhen
（School of Public Administration，Huazhong Agricultural University，Wuhan 430070）

Nested Structure of Discretion and the Rationales of the Collective Corruption’s Formation

Chu JianguoBao Hanchuan
（School of Politics and Public Administration，Wuhan University，Wuhan 430072）

The Research about the Arrangement of Basic Medical Resources and Medical Service Utilization in Shanghai

Yang ZengSun Xiaotong
（School of Sociology and Political Science，Shanghai University，Shanghai 200444）

The Empirical Research on Gender Income Inequality from the Perspective of Occupation Mobility

ChenYuting
（Department of Sociology，Shanghai Administration Institute，Shanghai 200233）

Government Tools or Labor Representatives？A study on the Multiple Faces and the Wage Effect of Enterprise Labor Union

Wei Wanqing
（School of Public Management，Guangxi university，Nanning 530004）

Prioritizing Ecology and Highlight Advantage in the Development of the Northwest Region

Du Qinghao Ding Maozhan
（Department of information technology，Beijing 100089）

The Empirical Research on the Development of E-commerce in the Western Region——A Survey of 14 Cities in Gansu Province

Zhou KequanZhang Shasha
（1.Department of Decision-making Consultation，Gansu Institute of Public Administration，Lanzhou 730010；2.Department of Public Administration，Gansu Institute of Public Administration，Lanzhou 730010）