寻访山间清泉

文、图／郭蓓蓓

在钢城区汶源街道柿子峪村东，有一座海拔610米的历山，舜泉和历泉均位于山脚下，相距仅几百米。图为历泉。In the east of Shiziyu Village,Wenyuan Sub-district,Gangcheng District,there is a Li Mountain with an elevation of 610 meters,and the Shun Spring and the Li Spring are located at its foot,only several hundred meters apart.The photo depicts the Li Spring.

“济南山水甲齐鲁，泉甲天下。”世上拥有泉水的城市不在少数，唯济南以“泉城”之誉独步天下，究其因，泉眼之丰为首位。济南市城乡水务局于2020—2021年开展全市普查，共普查到泉水1209处，经专家论证名泉950处，“千泉之城”名副其实。其中，位于济南东南部的莱芜区、钢城区便有名泉102处。

与济南市区涌泉汇湖的壮观不同，莱芜区、钢城区的泉是点缀山间的宝玉。正值雨水充沛的夏日，若想短时间内遍览这里的泉景，并非易事。它们大多隐匿于泰山余脉和徂徕山余脉的灵秀山间，需跋山涉水方能寻得，也因此，这淙淙清泉往往遗世独立却又别有一番风情。

上升泉打水泉与下降泉北泉隔河相望，世所罕见；响泉从崖壁泻下，一泉终汇成河；“井水不犯河水”的引鹿泉，独自清澈灵动；长寿泉一股水脉两个泉眼，滋养着当地百姓……特殊的地理环境，造就了这里众多特色鲜明的泉。又诸如吕祖泉、马杓湾泉、卞家泉、文姜泉、舜泉、历泉等历史名泉，至今出涌旺盛，泉景颇佳。

文姜泉位于睡虎山一整块峭壁底部，清澈的泉水从峭壁底部流出，四季不涸。The Wenjiang Spring is located at the bottom of a whole precipice in the Shuihu (Sleeping Tiger)Mountain,where clear spring water flows from the bottom,and does not run dry in any season.

这里的一山一水都是有故事的，静静安坐在夏日的风里，便可聆听泉水往事。孝母泉为“李逵杀虎”的故事提供了切实的“发源地”；从峭壁底部流出的文姜泉，讲述着齐孝妇颜文姜的故事；西流泉旁的《牛道碑》，记录着一段因泉水之争而立碑移风易俗的故事；圣水泉成就了当地“药王”李长庚的传奇故事……莱芜区、钢城区有不少名泉伴有生动而隽永的传说故事，也留下了不少遗迹，为一眼眼泉水披上了神秘的色彩，注入了生命力。

上升泉与下降泉相隔十五六米同喷涌，实属罕见。The ascending spring “Dashui Spring” faces the descending spring “North Spring” across a river.

泉水清醇甘冽，造就了当地人善良厚道的性格，孕育了淳朴侠义的民风，也滋润了田园生活的朴实与安宁。在莱芜区、钢城区，许多乡村因泉而生，也因泉而兴。无论是海拔六七百米的逯家岭村，还是森林生态之地马杓湾村，这青山绿水间的名泉、古树、老院子，都成为许多人向往的“诗和远方”。

孝母泉与周边的古树、小桥、凉亭相映成趣，成为一处可供游人驻足休憩的乡村景观。The Xiaomu Spring has formed a delightful contrast with the surrounding ancient trees,the bridge and the pavilion,and become a rural sight for visitors to stop to rest.

马杓湾泉深10米，周围围成一个泉池，旁边是一个石头垒砌成围堰的大水湾。With a depth of 10 meters,the Mashaowan Spring is a spring pool.Next to the spring,there is a stone cofferdam that encloses a large water bay.

Many cities have springs,but only Jinan stands out,because Jinan ranks first worldwide in terms of the number of springs,the urban springs,and the spectacular gushes of water.In Jinan,there are a total of 1,209 springs,950 of them famous.It was the total number of springs announced by Jinan for the first time after its march into a “City of 1,000 Springs”.Among them,there are 102 famous springs in Laiwu District and Gangcheng District,southeastern Jinan.

The terrain of Laiwu and Gangcheng is dominated by basins,and the springs there come from the local mountains,which do not belong to the same water system with the springs in downtown Jinan,but are independent small units.Hidden in beautiful mountains,the springs of Laiwu and Gangcheng appear isolated yet glamorous.This summer,the rainfall is abundant.It is the best season to appreciate and visit springs here.

The formation of the springs in Jinan is associated with the unique geological structure and geographical environment of the city.Laiwu and Gangcheng are situated in the extensions of Mount Tai and Mount Culai.Due to the particular geographical conditions,numerous distinctive springs have been formed,e.g.the Lyuzu Spring,the Mashaowan Spring,the Bianjia Spring,the Wenjiang Spring,the Shun Spring,and the Li Spring,which are all time-honoredsprings,and still have considerable gushes of water and fine spring views.

Besides,many famous springs in Laiwu and Gangcheng are accompanied by vivid and meaningful folktales.The Wenjiang Spring in Beiquan Village,Qi Mountain National Forest Park,is famous for the story of Yan Wenjiang,an obedient woman of Qi;by the Xiliu Spring in Gaoyu Village,Aishan Sub-district,there stands the,which records a story about setting up a monument to improve the folk custom after the conflicts of spring water;the Shengshui Spring in Nanyu Village,Miaoshan Town,is connected with the legendary story of Li Changgeng,known as “King of Medicine” to the natives.