理解汉语提示句，巧解阅读理解题

黄晓丽

分析近几年的高考英语全国卷真题，我们不难发现，在阅读理解中，常有汉语提示，而这些提示对解题非常有帮助，而含汉语提示的句子也常常正是考点所在。因此，我们一定要注意理解有汉语提示的句子，巧解阅读理解题。

[例1]（2018年全国I卷B篇）

The eight-part series（系列节目）， Save Money： Good Food， follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money： Good Health， which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.

26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？

A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.

B. Provide some advice for the readers.

C. Add some background information.

D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.

解析：根据The eight-part series（系列节目）， Save Money： Good Food， follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money： Good Health可知，Save Money： Good Food节目沿袭的是Save Money： Good Health节目的模式，是对背景知识进行的增加补充。故选C项。

[例2]（2018年全国Ⅱ卷B篇）

Of the common berries， strawberries are highest in vitamin C， although， because of their seeds， raspberries contain a little more protein（蛋白質）， iron and zinc（not that fruits have much protein）. Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants（抗氧化物质）. The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for cherries（樱桃）， they are so delicious who cares？ However， they are rich in vitamin C.

24. What does the author seem to like about cherries？

A. They contain protein.

B. They are high in vitamin A.

C. They have a pleasant taste.

D. They are rich in antioxidants.

解析：根据本段中As for cherries（樱桃）， they are so delicious who cares？（至于樱桃，因为它们很好吃谁在乎呢？）可知，作者似乎认为樱桃吃起来很美味。故选C项。

[例3]（2018年全国Ⅱ卷C篇）

Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun， according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.

While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen readers， some data in the report shows that reading remains a big part of many childrens lives， and indicates how parents might help encourage more reading.

According to the reports key findings，“the proportion（比例）who say they‘hardly everread for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”

29. Where can you find the data that best supports “children are reading a lot less for fun”？

A. In paragraph 2. B. In paragraph 3.

C. In paragraph 4. D. In paragraph 5.

解析：根据第三段中的the proportion（比例）who say they‘hardly everread for fun has gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today可知，很少为乐趣而阅读的人的比例已经分别从1984年的13岁的8%和17岁的9%上升到现在的22%和27%。也就是说，为乐趣而读书的人越来越少了。故选B项。

[例4]（2018年全国III卷C篇）

Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls， roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements（元素）.

30. What made Wangs architectural design a success？

A. The mixture of different shapes.

B. The balance of East and West.

C. The use of popular techniques.

D. The harmony of old and new.

解析：根据文中This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements（元素）可知，王澍设计的成功之处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计，并保持两者的和谐，故D正确。

[例5]（2018年全国III卷D篇）

I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things， and it worked. Because of our efforts， our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund（基金）（our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor）.

33. What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects？

A. Saving up for her holiday

B. Raising money for a poor girl

C. Adding the money to her fund

D. Giving the money to a sick mother

解析：根據文章中She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund（基金）可知，当我们承诺给她把卖玩具的钱放到她的教育基金里时，她同意卖玩具。故选C项。

[例6]（2017年全国I卷A篇）

Dont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located（位于）upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.

21. Where are you buyat Science Center？

A. In Building 1. B. In Building 3.

C. At the last Denny. D. At the Denny Way entrance.

解析：根据这一据段中的The store is located（位于） upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.可知Pacific Science Center的购物点在Laser Dome旁边的3号楼的楼上。特别是基础较弱的考生，很容易根据汉语提示“位于”对应题目设问中的“where”，直接定位到答案。故B选项为正确答案。

[例7]（2017年全国I卷D篇）

The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates（蒸发）and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form， run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full， you can suck the refreshment out through the tube， and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.

35. When a solar still works， drops of water come into the cup from？

A. the plastic tube B. outside the hole

C. the open air D. beneath the sheet

解析：结合本段中的Ground water evaporates（蒸发）and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form， run down the material and fall off into the cup可知地下水蒸发，在覆盖膜上聚集起来直到形成小水滴落在杯子里。覆盖膜是在杯子上面的，水滴落入杯子里。所以水滴是凝聚在覆盖膜的下面。故D选项为正确答案。

[例8]（2017年全国Ⅱ卷B篇）

The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference， we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors： humorous， aggressive， and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen.

25. Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship？

A. They were of the same age.

B. They worked in the same theater.

C. They were both good actors.

D. They had similar characteristics.

解析：本段中最后一句Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen概括說上述这些也是我们影视之外的关系的核心，由those锁定其指代的Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors： humorous， aggressive， and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection，这句信息可推断出答案为 D选项，其根源出于他们拥有共同的特点。

[例9]（2016年全国I卷D篇）

Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing（治愈）value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.

34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence？

A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.

B. Break it while treating patients.

C. Evaluate its harm to patients.

D. Make use of its healing effects.

解析：根据本段末句A nurse who understands the healing（治愈） value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients 可知，作者建议护士要利用沉默的好处来护理病人。故D选项为正确答案。

[例10]（2016年全国I卷C篇）

I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence， Rhode Island， and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence， the lady on the desk said：“Well， Im really sorry， Ive got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please， please， youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me， re-routed（改道）me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.

31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first？

A. To London B. To Newark

C. To Providence D. To Washington

解析：根据本段末句She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me， re-routed（改道）me through Newark 可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故B选项为正确答案。

[例11]（2016年全国II卷D篇）

A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.

Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstanding----undoubtedly first-rate photo-journalism---if they had been made last week. In fact， they were shot from 1914 through 1916， most of them after a disastrous shipwreck（海難）， by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest， under freezing water， in the damaged wooden ship.

33. What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley？

A. They were made last week.

B. They showed undersea sceneries.

C. They were found by a cameraman.

D. They recorded a disastrous adventure.

解析：根据文章第二段they were shot from 1914 through 1916， most of them after a disastrous shipwreck（海难）， by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.可知Frank Hurley的照片拍摄于1914年到1916年，大多数是在经历海难后，在没有生存的希望的情况下拍摄的，由此判断照片记录了一次海难。故D选项为正确答案。

[例12]（2015年全国II卷B篇）

Downsize the dishes. Big serving bowls and plants can easily make us fat. We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate. When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one， total intake（摄入）jumps by 14 percent. And well pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short， wide glass than a tall， skinny glass.

27. What are people advised to do at mealtimes？

A. Eat quickly. B. Play fast music.

C. Use smaller spoons. D. Turn down the lights.

解析：根据本段When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one， total intake（摄入） jumps by 14 percent.可知，我们使用大的汤匙时摄入食物的总量比使用小的汤匙时摄入食物的总量多14%。故C选项为正确答案。

[例13]（2014年全国II卷C篇）

Li Drake， a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband， had another reason for looking for an au pair from China. She didnt want her children to miss out on their roots.”Because I am Chinese， my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to（接触）the language and culture.” she says.

30. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ______.

A. to live in China some day

B. to speak the language at home

C. to catch up with other children

D. to learn about the Chinese culture

解析：根据本段中my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to（接触）the language and culture.可知作者和她丈夫都想让孩子多接触中国语言和文化。故D选项为正确答案。

[例14]（2013年全国I卷B篇）They baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert（警觉）. Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another， this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other， her gaze（凝视）starts to lose its focus — until a third， with three black spots， is presented. Her gaze returns： she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three， just 24 hours after coming into the world？

24. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the babys_______.

A. sense of hearing B. sense of sight

C. sense of touch D. sense of smell

解析：由本段She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another， this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other， her gaze（凝視）starts to lose its focus — until a third， with three black spots， is presented.可知研究人员在婴儿眼前摆放带有不同数目黑点的卡片，以测试婴儿对数量的视觉反应。故B选项为正确答案。

[例15]（2012年全国I卷A篇）Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet（木偶）making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.

22. What can kids do at a Youtheater？

A. Look at rock collections.

B. See dinosaur models.

C. Watch puppet（木偶）making.

D. Give performances.

解析：由本段Puppet（木偶）making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.可知，木偶制作过程和舞台化妆是你可能会发现的特殊的事情。因此在Youtheater，孩子们可以观看木偶的制作过程。故C选项为正确答案。

责任编辑 蒋小青