both用法透视

李建高

英语中，both的用法比较复杂，它既可用作代词，又可用作形容词。为帮助同学们准确掌握其用法，现歸纳如下：

一、both用作代词，意为“双方（都）”“两者（都）”。

1. 在句中作主语或宾语，可单独使用或用于both of …结构，但当of后面是名词时，名词前面要有the或one’s等限定词修饰。另外，当其作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。如：

Helen has got two friends. Both are Germans. 海伦有两个朋友。他们都是德国人。

There were only two paintings for sale and he bought both. 只有两幅画待售，他都买下了。

I have two kids and both of them are friendly. 我有两个孩子，他们都很友好。

Both of the books are useful. 那两本书都很有用。

Of course， I wish both of your children well. 当然，我祝福你的两个孩子都健康。

2. 用作主语的同位语。一般放在行为动词之前，be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。如：

His parents both like surfing the Internet. 他父母都喜欢上网冲浪。

The children were both too young. 两个孩子都太小了。

Find a time when you can both go shopping. 找一个你俩都能去购物的时间。

We have both passed the driving test. 我们俩都通过了驾照考试。

注意：在简略回答以及感叹句中，both不能位于句尾，要放在系动词be、助动词或情态动词之前。如：

—Are you ready？ 你们准备好了吗？

—Yes， we both are. 是的，我们俩都准备好了。

How clever they both are！ 他们俩多聪明啊！

3. 用作宾语同位语。这时，both要紧跟在宾语之后。如：

You may take them both. 你可以把两个都拿去。

He likes Li Yuan and Wang Yong both. 李源和王勇两人他都喜欢。

二、both用作形容词，意为“两个……（都）”。

both作形容词时，必须放在其他限定词或修饰词之前。如：

There are many beautiful flowers on both sides of the street. 街道的两旁有很多漂亮的花。

Both （the / his） children have been to America. （那/他的）两个孩子都去过美国。

注意：both作形容词修饰复数名词时，意义上与either修饰单数名词是一样的。如：

Both films are interesting. 两部电影都很有趣。

Either film is interesting. 两部（中的任何一部）电影都很有趣。

三、用作代词或形容词的both与not连用时，表示部分否定，意为“两者不都”。如：

Both his sisters are not in Beijing. = Not both his sisters are in Beijing. 他的两个妹妹并不都在北京。

I won’t take both， please. 两个我不是都要。

Not both books are helpful. 两本书并不都是有益处的。

四、both … and …意为“……和……都;既……又……”，连接两个并列的句子成分;连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：

He is famous both as an actor and as a host.

他不仅是一名著名的演员，而且也是一名著名的主持人。

Both Running Man and Singer are my favourite TV shows.

《奔跑吧兄弟》和《歌手》都是我最喜欢的电视节目。

巩固练习

1. —What would you like， ice cream or apple juice？

— . One for my sister and the other for myself.

A. Neither B. All C. None D. Both

2. Her parents doctors. They in a hospital nearby.

A. are both; both work B. are all; work all

C. both are; work both D. all are; all work

3. It’s an either-or situation — we can buy a camera this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do .

A. other B. either C. all D. both

4. Randy wrote two novels. of them were made into films. I’ve seen them.

A. None B. Both C. All D. Neither

5. —Which do you prefer， tea or coffee？

—Either. tea coffee are my favorite.

A. Not only; but also B. Both; and

C. Neither; nor D. Either; or

Keys：DADBB