英语“提问”20法

王振乾

对画线部分提问是英语学习中的重点、难点，常用的句型结构是：“特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句？”或“特殊疑问词 + 陈述句（用于对主语或主语的定语提问，there be结构除外）？”。但提问不同的内容，还应采取不同的方法。

1. 对姓名提问，用what：

My name is David. →What’s your name？

2. 对年龄提问，用how old / what：

The boy is ten years old. →How old is the boy？

Mr Green is fifty years old. →What’s the age of Mr Green？

He became a teacher at the age of twenty. →At what age did he become a teacher？

3. 对身份提问，用who（对主语提问），whom（对宾语提问），whose（对定语提问）：

She is our English teacher. →Who is she？

I spoke to Zhang Hao just now. →Whom did you speak to just now？

The girl is Mr. Liu’s daughter. →Whose daughter is the girl？

注：对物的所属关系（谁的……）提问，也用whose：

These are Jack’s trousers. →Whose trousers are these？

4. 对职业提问，用what：

Kate is a nurse. →What is Kate？ / What’s Kate’s job？ / What does Kate do？

5. 对身体状况提问，用how：

Her sister is well / fine. →How is her sister？

6. 对物提问，用what：

There is a teapot on the tea table. →What’s on the tea table？

7. 对颜色提问，用what colour / what’s the colour of...：

He shirt is white. →What colour is his shirt？ / What’s the colour of his shirt？

8. 对具体时间（钟点）提问，用what time / when;对其他时间（含时间状语从句）提问，只能用when：

The students usually get up at half past five. →What time / When do the students get up usually？

I arrived in Japan on the morning of August 1. →When did you arrive in Japan？

They will have a holiday as soon as they finish the research work. →When will they have a holiday？

9. 对地点提问，用where：

He lives in Zhengzhou. →Where does he live？

10. 对日期提问（含节日），用what’s the date...：

It was Children’s Day yesterday. →What was the date yesterday？

It is October 1 today. →What’s the date today？

注：问句中的the date是主语，故it不可再用。另外，对生日提问，用what / when：

My birthday is on March 26， 1986. →What’s your birthday？ / When is your birthday？

11. 对星期提问，用what day：

It was Saturday the day before yesterday. →What day was it the day before yesterday？

12. 對数量提问，用how many（对可数名词提问） / How much（对不可数名词提问）：

There are more than 6000 students in his school. →How many students are there in his school？

The boss has a lot of money. →How much money does the boss have？ / How much money has the boss？

13. 对重量提问，用how much / how heavy：

She weighs 50 kilograms. →How much / How heavy does she weigh？

14. 对价格、金钱提问，用how much / what：

The camera is worth sixty pounds. →How much is the camera？ / How much does the camera cost？ / What is the camera worth？ / What’s the price of the camera？ / What price is the camera？

The house cost me 30， 000 dollars. →How much / What did the house cost you？

15. 对物体的长度或表示一段的时间状语（通常是由for / since开头的短语或since引导的从句）提问，用how long：

The Yellow River is 5464 km long. →How long is the Yellow River？

She has lived in this city for two years / since two years ago. →How long has she lived there？

They have learned English since they moved to Landon. →How long have they learned English？

16. 对表示多久以后的时间状语（通常由in开头）提问，用how soon：

She will get there in two hours. →How soon will she get there？

注：对“after + 时間点（用于将来时） / 时间段（用于过去时）”提问，应用what time / when：

She will get there after two o’clock. →What time / When will she get there？

They left the hotel after three days / three days later. →When did they leave the hotel？

17. 对表示频度的时间状语（多久一次）提问，用how often：

They go to the cinema twice a month. →How often do they go to the cinema？

18. 对次数提问，用how many times：

I’ve been to America only once. →How many times have you been to America？

19. 对距离提问，用how far：

It is about twenty minutes’ walk from here to the factory. →How far is it from here to the factory？

20. 对高度提问，用how high / tall（多用于人或细长物体）：

She is 1.66 meter tall. →How tall is she？

The tower is 160 meters tall. →How tall is the tower？

The building is 68 storeys high. →How high is the building？

（作者单位：山东省胶州市瑞华实验初级中学）