时间:2024-05-10
韩琼丽
【内容摘要】初中英语老师一定要能胜任英语教学五大课型:听说课、阅读课、词汇课、语法课、写作课。每一个课型都值得不断学习、理解、钻研和创新,尤其是词汇课!词汇是构建学生英语综合运用能力的基石,决定学生英语综合素养水平;再者词汇課难以操作,一不小心就可能上成死板枯燥的翻译课。
【关键词】词汇 形音义用 问题 反思
一、教学设计反思
比赛形式:参赛老师提前一个小时知道授课内容(五个随机抽取的单词),然后在机房现场备课、制作课件和教具,并提前十分钟携带课件教具赶到赛课教室,无论教授哪些具体词汇,目的都是要让学生掌握形、音、义、用。
我认为“形”的环节不难操作,在PPT上展示单词就能实现,所以我的设计直接省去了“形”的输入。
“音”是一个难题。如果简单机械地看音标和单词来跟读录音或者老师带读,学生很快就会感到枯燥疲惫,在后面的课堂失去学习兴趣。为了解决这个不足,我编了一个chant。这种东西有节奏,有押韵,学生朗朗上口。不过一个只有节奏和押韵的chant,如果能融入一定的语义,就能为后续环节做更好地的铺垫了。于是短促的时间诞生了如下并不完美的chant:
Boring, boring, boring meaning.
Reach, reach, reach home for lunch.
Language, language, use mouth and body.
Communicate, communicate, communicate with people.
在每行chant下面,我还对元音音标进行了标注,帮助学生规范发音。
“义”的学习我们一直强调语境和运用。在笔者的词汇课堂,学生经常在图片提示下用目标词汇完成句子。“用词”环节涉及到词形变化、时态语态、固定搭配等多个方面,学生收获很大。但是本次备课时间有限,无法短时查找和选择合适图片,设计地道语句。于是,我采用如下dialogue的形式:
Tom: When did you____ China?
Mary: Two months ago.
Tom: What____ do you use to____ with people?
Mary: Of course Chinese.
Tom: But you are not good at Chinese. Is your life____ there?
Mary: No. I have a lot of fun. I can understand people's____ by my e-dictionary.
笔者没有直接给出完整对话让学生role play,这样会剥夺学生思考的过程。老师对目标词汇挖空,学生先填写,再对话,在语境中理解词义。
掌握了“形”、“音”、“义”,最后一个“用”便水到渠成。笔者采用“写长法”,并在示范时给学生提炼出写长要素,让学生有更清晰的思路和着眼点。
板书示范:Mary reached China.
1. Mary reached China two month ago. →time
2. Mary reached China at Beijing Airport. →place
3. Mary reached great China. →adj.(+n)
4. Mary reached China successfully. →(v/adv.+)v
5. Mary reached China because she wanted to meet many businessmen. →because…(reason)
6. Mary reached China so she could have business. →so…(result)
写长句的训练能为学生写短文、小故事打开思路。学生们突然意识到:句子写到足够长,就能蜕变成一篇短文。获得了如此的成就感和自信心,学生已经对编写包含五个目标词汇的小故事跃跃欲试了。
二、教学过程反思
这节词汇课的整个过程比较完整,环环相扣,步步为营,课堂的节奏和学生的表现基本按照课前预设进行。不过有些环节仍然有待斟酌和完善。
比如导入部分。任何课型,导入至关重要,一旦冷场,整节课基本报废。笔者对自己的导入要求很高,却最没信心。爱吃糖是孩子的天性,而我的赛课是上午最后半节课,学生肯定饥肠辘辘,这个时候献上“糖衣炮弹”一定管用!一进教室,我就关心地询问:It's almost at noon. Are you hungry now?不出意料,学生异口同声告诉我:Yes! 我继续诱导:Me too. So I bring you some candies. Do you like candies? 学生又答:Yes! 但是我谈起了条件:Then we must work hard in class and enjoy candies after class.这个简单的free talk,一方面是给学生奖励的刺激,一方面导入我的下一个话题。我一边展示图片,一边不动声色地和学生闲聊:
I have a daughter. She is only two years old. She likes candies very much, just like you. But she can't speak too much. When she wants to eat candies, she does something like this. (Show Ss a cartoon in which a little bear is lying on ground, waving hands and kicking feet.)She uses her body language to tell me a meaning: “Mum, I love candies, even more than you.” She can't speak too much, so she uses this way to communicate with her mum. But we are different. We can use our mouth to tell meanings. For example, if Miss Han asks: “What's the weather like today?” What will you say? S: It's rainy and a little cold. T: Good! We know English people likes talking about weather. Maybe one day we can visit the UK. When you reach the UK, you can communicate with English people by talking about weather. Anyway, we should learn English well at first. I hope this English class is not boring and you won't be bored…几分钟下来,五个目标词汇及其简单的意义解释都铺垫出来了。不过这个free talk环节繁琐冗长,学生真正开口表达的机会很有限,需要换一种更吸引学生、更精简的导入形式。
我们致力于保护作者版权,注重分享,被刊用文章因无法核实真实出处,未能及时与作者取得联系,或有版权异议的,请联系管理员,我们会立即处理! 部分文章是来自各大过期杂志,内容仅供学习参考,不准确地方联系删除处理!