选修7第2单元重点单词

姚琴

1. accompany [ə̍kʌmpəni] vt.

❶ 陪伴

I must accompany you to look at the star. 我要陪你一起看星星。

❷ 伴奏

accompany sb. at / on sth. （尤指用钢琴）为……伴奏

The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister. 女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。

【考题链接】 Lightning usually ___thunder.

Key： accompanies

2. alarm [ə̍lɑ：m] n.

❶ [C] 警报;警报器

The doorkeeper gave the alarm as soon as he saw the smoke. 守门人一看见冒烟就发出警报。

ring / sound the alarm 发出警报

Neighbors rang the alarm when they smelled smoke. 邻居闻到烟味便发出了警报。

❷ [U] 惊慌;惊恐

a sense of alarm 恐慌感

I felt a growing sense of alarm when he did not return that night. 那天夜里他没有回家，我的恐慌感油然而升。

❸ vt. 使惊恐;使害怕;使警觉

The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the passengers. 机长知道发动机出了故障，不过他不想惊动乘客。

派生词 （1） alarmed adj. 惊恐的;忧虑的

She was alarmed at the prospect of travelling alone. 她一想到独自旅行的情景就害怕。

（2） alarming adj. 令人惊慌的;令人忧虑的

The rainforests are disappearing at an alarming rate. 雨林正以惊人的速度消失。

【考题链接】 They were ___ by a sudden air attack.

Key： alarmed

3. bound [baʊnd]

❶ adj. （bind 的过去式和过去分词）被

束缚的

be bound to 被……束缚、绑住

She was bound to a chair. 她被捆在一把椅子上。

❷ 有义务的;受到约束的

I felt bound to tell you. 我觉得必须告诉你。

❸ 一定的;必定的

It’s bound to rain soon. 过会肯定下雨。

❹ [C] 跳;跳跃

in leaps and bounds 飞速地;突飞猛进

Jill’s making excellent progress; she’s coming along in leaps and bounds. 吉尔进步飞快，她正飞速赶上。

❺ vi. 跳;跳跃

The dog bounded away. 那条狗跳开了。

【考题链接】 The new discovery is ___ to be of great service to mankind.

Key： bound

4. declare [dI̍kleə（r）] vt.

❶ 宣布;公布;宣告

The government has declared a state of emergency. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态。

❷ 表明;宣称

Few people dared to declare their opposition to the government. 很少有人敢宣稱他们反对这个政府。

易混辨析： declare， announce与state

declare宣布，注意指口头的，尤指官方的声明;announce公开宣布，通知，不一定正式;state陈述，声明，书面或演讲中正式表达。

【考题链接】 The government ___ a permanent ceasefire ten days ago.

Key： declared

5. desire [dI̍zaIə（r）]

❶ [C， U] 渴望;欲望;渴求

desire for sth. ……的欲望 / 愿望

They seem to have lost their desire for life. 他们似乎已丧失了对生活的热望。

desire to do sth. 做……的欲望 / 愿望

Failure can increase my desire to succeed. 失败能够增强我获得成功的欲望。

[vt， vi] desire （sb.） to do sth. 渴望 / 期望（某人）做某事

Few people desire to live in the north of the country. 很少的人想住在这个国家的北方。

desire that... 从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语要用（should +） 动词原形形式。

易混辨析desire， request， wish与want

desire， request， wish， want都有“要求”

“渴望”之意，它们之间的关系是desire=want very much（非常想）=wish earnestly for（急切希望）=request formally（正式要求）。

【考题链接】 I had a strong ___ to help and care for people.

Key： desire

6. divorce [dI̍vɔ：s] n.

❶ [C， U] 离婚

You should avoid mentioning his divorce. 你应该避免提及他离婚的事。

get a divorce from sb. 和……离婚

They have agreed to get a divorce. 他们同意离婚。

❷ [C] 分离;脱离

They advocated a complete divorce of government and religion. 他们主张政教完全分离。

❸ vt. 与……离婚;判……离婚

They’re getting divorced. 他们要离婚了。

be divorced from 与……离婚

The beautiful woman has been divorced from two husbands. 那位美貌的妇人已离过两次婚了。

❹ vt. 使分离;使脱离

They believe that art should be divorced from politics. 他们认为艺术应该与政治分开。

派生词 divorced adj. 离婚的;离异的

Many divorced men remarry and have second families. 许多离婚的男子再婚组成了新的家庭。

【考题链接】 I tried to get my life back on track after my ___.

Key： divorce

7. favor [̍feIvə] n.

❶ [C] 帮助;好事;恩惠

do me a favor 帮我一个忙

Can you do me a favor and pick up Sam from school today？ 今天你能帮我个忙去学校接下萨姆吗？

❷ [U] 赞同;支持

The suggestion to close the road has found favor with the local people. 关闭这条路的建议已得到当地人的支持。

in favor of 赞同;支持

He argued in favor of a strike. 他据理力争主张罢工。

❸ vt. 喜爱;偏袒

Many countries favor a presidential system of government. 很多国家偏向选择总统制政府。

派生词 favorable adj. 赞成的;同意的;给人好印象的

She made a favorable impression on his parents. 她给他的父母留下了好印象。

【考题链接】 I can scarcely expect to hear of any ___ change.

Key： favorable

8. junior [̍dʒu：nIə（r）] adj.

❶ 地位（或职位、级别）低下的

She is junior to me. 她职位比我低。

❷ 年纪较轻的;较小的

be junior to 比……年少

The president was so young that he was junior to some of his employees. 总裁的年龄如此小以至于比他的一些雇员还小。

❸ [C] 职位较低者;低层次工作人员

Tom is office junior. 汤姆是办公室的低级职员。

❹ [C] 年少者

be ... years sb.’s junior 比某人小……岁

I am four years his junior. 我比他小四岁。

反义词senior

❺ adj. 级别高的

❻ [C] 年长者;级别较高者

The meeting should be hosted by the most senior person present. 会议应由在座職位最高的人主持。

【考题链接】 The move from elementary school to middle school or ___ high can be difficult.

Key： junior

9. obey [ə̍beI]

❶ vt. 服从;顺从

He had always obeyed his parents without question. 他对父母一向绝对服从。

to obey a command / an order / rules / the law 服从指挥 / 命令 / 规章 / 法律

Remember to obey traffic rules. 记住要遵守交通规则。

❷ vi. 服从;听话

She obeyed， and cautiously opened the door. 她服从了，小心翼翼地打开门。

派生词 disobey vt. & vi. 不服从;不顺从

He was punished for disobeying orders. 他因违抗命令而受到惩罚。

Those who disobey will be severely punished. 违者严惩不贷。

【考题链接】 Any company doing business in any country has to ___ the law and regulations of that country.

Key： obey

10. staff [stɑːf]

❶ [C]（+单动或复动）（全体）工作人员;职员

on our / the staff 作为我们的职员

It’s good to have you on the staff. 你能成为我们的职员真好。

❷ vt. 为……配备（职员）

be staffed with / by 配备了……人员

The refugee centre is staffed by / with volunteers. 难民中心主要由志愿者组成。

【考题链接】 He had the complete support of hospital ___.

Key： staff

11. state [steIt] n.

❶ [C] 状态;状况

state of mind 心境;思想状态

He seems to be in a rather confused state of mind. 他似乎处于相当混乱的思想状态。

❷ [C， U] 国家;政府

Should industry be controlled by the state？工业应该受到国家控制吗？

member state 成员国

France is one of the member states of the ELL. 法国是欧洲联盟成员国之一。

❸ [美国等的]州

The United States is composed of fifty states， two of which are separated from the others by land or water. 美国由50个州组成，其中两个被陆地或水与其它州分开。

❹ vt. 陈述;说明;声明

The witness stated that he had not seen the woman before. 该证人说他之前从未见过那个女人。

派生词statement n. [C， U] 陈述;声明

make a statement陈述;发表声明

He made a statement urging the public to cooperation. 他发表声明，要求公众给予配合。

【考题链接】 The leaders will also release a final ___ that is expected to say human activity causes some climate change.

Key： statement

12. sympathy [̍sImpəθi] n.

❶ [C， U] 同情（心）

express / feel / have sympathy for sb. 同情某人

I have no sympathy for Jane， it’s all her own fault. 我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。

❷ [C， U] 赞同;支持

in sympathy with 赞同;支持

The seamen went on strike in sympathy with the dockers. 海员们举行罢工，以表示对码头工人的支持。

派生词 sympathetic adj. 同情的;表示同情的;出于同情的

I did not feel at all sympathetic towards Kate. 我对凯特一点也不同情。

【考题链接】 I received a certain amount of ___ after the attack.

Key： sympathy

13. talent [̍tælənt] n.

❶ [C， U] 天才;天资;天赋

His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors. 他在音乐方面的天分让其对手感到羡慕。

talent （for sth. / for doing sth. ） …… /

做……的天赋

She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted. 她很有天资，能够心想事成。

have a talent for sth. 对……有天赋

All children have a natural talent for language learning. 儿童对于语言学习向来有天赋。

❷ [C， U] 有才能的人;人才;天才

There is a wealth of young talent in British theatre. 英國戏剧界年轻一代人才辈出。

派生词talented adj. 有才能的;天才的

Howard is a talented pianist. 霍华德是个很有天分的钢琴家。

易混辨析talent与genius

talent指后天从模仿和训练得来的天才、天资;genius指天生的具有创造性、独特性的才能。

考题链接

He had seldom seen a child with so much ___.

Key： talent