人文关怀干预对住院精神分裂症患者病情的影响

李添红　　马灵亚　　朱亚珍

[关键词] 人文关怀干预;精神分裂症;社会功能;心理管理

[中图分类号] R473.74          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）21-0162-04

The influence of humanistic care intervention on the condition of inpatients with schizophrenia

LI Tianhong1   MA Lingya2   ZHU Yazhen3

1.Department of Emergency， Shaoxing Seventh People′s Hospital， Shaoxing   312000， China; 2.Department of Science and Education， Shaoxing Seventh People′s Hospital， Shaoxing   312000， China; 3.Nursing Department， Shaoxing Seventh People′s Hospital， Shaoxing   312000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of humanistic care intervention on the condition of inpatients with schizophrenia. Methods Seventy patients with schizophrenia admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to January 2019 were included in this study.According to the random number table method，they were divided into the study group and the control group，with 35 cases in each group.All subjects were treated with drugs according to the original treatment plan.Patients in the study group received humanistic care intervention.The ward environment was improved.The psychological management was strengthened.The patients′ inner spiritual and cultural needs were paid attention to.The life and diet management was regulated，and regular body communication activities were carried out.All patients were evaluated with the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale （SQLS），Self-esteem Scale （SES），family intimacy and adaptability scale at the time of enrollment （before treatment），two weeks of treatment，and four weeks of treatment.Results The SOLS scale，SES scale，family intimacy，and fitness scale scores of the two groups showed significant changes with the time progress of treatment.The SQLS scores of the study group at 2 and 4 weeks of treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group （P<0.05）.The scores of the self-esteem scale，family intimacy and fitness scale of the study group at 2 and 4 weeks of treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Active humanistic care intervention is helpful to the recovery of personal and social functions of patients with schizophrenia.

[Key words] Humanistic care intervention;Schizophrenia;Social function;Psychological management

伴隨社会化进程与生活节奏的加快，精神障碍患者的发病人数和总发病率逐年升高[1]，精神卫生问题不仅是患者的个体健康问题，业已成为世界范围内的重要公共卫生问题。一项流行病学的统计分析结果显示，截至2014年底，我国登记在册的严重精神障碍患者的发病人数已经超过400万人[2]。目前，临床上对精神分裂症的研究和治疗主要是从医学角度来介入，治疗的模式采取生物化学模式或精神健康服务等[3]。然而，单纯的关注如何以药物的方法消除精神分裂症的症状是以疾病为本的治疗手段。当代医学管理模式已经转变为生物-心理-社会医学模式，在治疗疾病的过程中，对患者病症进行有效治疗的同时，还应给予其适当的心理关怀和慰藉。实践证明，住院接受治疗的精神分裂症患者，由于长时间的接受封闭式的管理模式，不与外界接触，脱离了社会和家庭，通常表现出思维的完整性下降、对生活丧失兴趣、自信心不足、缺乏人际交往技巧与能力等现象[4]。可见，在精神分裂症患者的治疗过程中，积极的对其个人和社会功能的恢复是亟待解决的难题。本研究主要分析了人文关怀干预对住院精神分裂症患者个人及社会功能恢复的影响。