改良吸氧面罩在儿童哮喘急性发作中的应用与研究

习玲

[摘要]目的 探討改良吸氧面罩在儿童哮喘急性发作中的应用与研究。方法 选取2015年4月～2017年12月就诊于萍乡市妇幼保健院儿科六诊的的80例哮喘患儿作为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和实验组，每组各40例。对照组患儿采用雾化吸入布地奈德和特布他林进行治疗，实验组患儿在对照组的基础上使用改良吸氧面罩给予吸氧。比较两组的临床疗效、临床症状消失时间、治疗前后肺功能指标[包括最大通气量（MVV）、第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）以及FEV1/用力肺活量（FVC）的比值]、满意度及不良反应发生情况。结果 实验组患儿的治疗总有效率和显效率明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;实验组患儿气喘、咳嗽、肺部哮鸣音等症状的消失时间明显短于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;实验组患儿治疗后的MVV、FEV1、FEV1/FVC高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;实验组的满意度明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。两组患儿均无过敏、胃肠道反应等明显不良反应情况发生。结论 在儿童哮喘急性发作期使用改良吸氧面罩吸氧联合雾化给药可显著改善儿童支气管哮喘的临床症状，效果良好。改良面罩就地取材，制作方便，可分别用于吸氧和雾化给药，临床上值得大力推广应用。

[关键词]改良吸氧面罩;儿童哮喘;肺功能;满意度

[中图分类号] R197.38          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-4721（2019）8（c）-0146-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the application and research of modified oxygen mask in children with acute asthma attack. Methods A total of 80 children with asthma admitted to the Pediatric Clinic of Pingxiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April 2015 to December 2017 were selected as subjects. They were divided into the control group and the experimental group by random number table method， 40 cases in each group. Children in the control group were treated with atomized inhalation of Budesonide and Terbutaline. Beside the same treatment as the control group， children in the experimental group were additionally given oxygen with modified oxygen mask. The clinical efficacy， disappearance time of clinical symptoms， indicators of pulmonary function before and after treatment （include the maximum volume of air [MVV]， forced expiratory volume [FEV1] at the first second， and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity [FVC]）， the satisfaction degree and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate and marked effective rate in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group， with statistically significant differences （P<0.01）. The disappearance symptom time of asthma， cough and wheezing sound in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that in the control group， the differences was statistically significant （P<0.01）. The MVV， FEV1， FEV1/FVC of the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.01）. The satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.01）. No obvious adverse reactions such as allergy， gastrointestinal reactions occurred in the two groups. Conclusion The use of modified oxygen inhalation mask combined with inhalation therapy is effective in improving clinical symptoms of bronchial asthma in children， as well as improving patient satisfaction. The mask is easy to obtain locally and made conveniently. It could be used for oxygen inhalation and atomization respectively， and may be widely recommended in clinical practice.