希拉里博弈政坛的语言艺术赏析

⊙杨修平［衢州职业技术学院基础部，浙江 衢州 324000］

希拉里博弈政坛的语言艺术赏析

⊙杨修平［衢州职业技术学院基础部，浙江 衢州 324000］

语言是人际交流的首要工具，演讲是语言艺术的集中体现，而话语分析是欣赏语言艺术的手段。本文选取希拉里·克林顿2000年当选纽约州国会参议员后所作的致谢辞，并借助话语分析这一工具剖析了整个语篇，以展示世界强人言辞操控的铿锵之力和语言应用的奥妙之美。

话语分析 语言艺术 希拉里·克林顿 竞选纽约州参议员的致谢辞

希拉里·克林顿（Hilary Clinton）被认为是美国最有政治抱负的第一夫人。2000年11月7日，她成功当选纽约州国会参议员，也是纽约州的第一位女参议员，更是美国历史上第一个获得工职的总统夫人，舆论也普遍认为她是美国历史上最有实权的第一夫人。尽管已经陪丈夫克林顿（Bill Clinton）在白宫呆了多年，但她还不满足，于是亲自出马竞选总统，成为美国2008年总统大选的热门人物之一，并在民主党总统候选人初选中大幅度领先，但最终败给了伊利诺伊州的联邦参议员贝拉克·奥巴马。奥巴马成功当选后，提名她出任国务卿，并最终成为美国历史上的第三位女性国务卿。她一路过关斩将、所向披靡的秘笈何在？刚柔并济的语言风格就是她成功的一大法宝，语言就是力量！为了更好地欣赏这种力量，本文特选取她获胜当晚在曼哈顿所作的致谢辞进行话语分析。全文语篇共计八个自然段，为了便于分析，每个自然段前都加上了编号，特殊之处改用斜体。

一、语篇案例文本

New York Senate Race Speech

[1]You know,you know,we started this great effort on a sunny July morning in Pindars Corner on Pat and Liz Moynihan’s beautiful farm and 62 counties,16 months,3 debates,2 opponents,and 6 black pantsuits later,because of you,here we are.|

[2]You came out and said that issues and ideals matter.Jobs matter,downstate and upstate.Health care matters, education matters,the environment matters,Social Security matters,a woman’s right to choose matters.It all matters and I just want to say from the bottom of my heart,thank you,New York!

[3]Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts,for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation.I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you.

[4]I will,I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan.I would like all of you and the countless New Yorkers and Americans watching to join me in honoring him for his incredible half century of service to New York and our nation.Senator Moynihan,on behalf of New York and America,thank you.

[5]I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for all of New York’s families.Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans.Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers.

[6]And how fortunate we are indeed to live in the most diverse,dynamic and beautiful state in the entire union. You know,from the South Bronx to the Southern Tier,from Brooklyn to Buffalo,from Montauk to Massena,from the world’s tallest skyscrapers to breathtaking mountain ranges,I’ve met people whose faces and stories I will never forget. Thousands of New Yorkers from all 62 counties welcomed me into your schools,your local diners,your factory floors, your living rooms and front porches.You taught me,you tested me and you shared with me your challenges and concerns——about overcrowded or crumbling schools,about the struggle to care for growing children and aging parents, about the continuing challenge of providing equal opportunity for all and about children moving away from their home towns because good jobs are so hard to find in upstate New York.Now I’ve worked on issues like these for a long time,some of them for 30 years,and I am determined to make a difference for all of you.

[7]You see,I believe our nation owes every responsible citizen and every responsible family the tools that they need to make the most of their own lives.That’s the basic bargain.I’ll do my best to honor in the United States Senate.

[8]And to those of you who did not support me,I want you to know that I will work in the Senate for you and for allNew Yorkers.Andtothoseof youwho worked so hard and never lost faith even in the toughest times,I offer you my undying gratitude.

二、语篇话语分析

由于这是一篇致谢辞，加之演说者的个人风格，全篇出现频率最高的人称代词是you，其次是I。这样能使听说双方产生强烈的情感共鸣，以最大限度地拉近双方的心理距离。

此外，也是在第六段，希拉里对纽约做了一番美丽的描述并列举了不少地名和现存的诸多问题，以表明她对纽约很了解。但事实上，她是芝加哥人，为了竞选才匆忙在纽约州买房定居，为此她饱受指责，但演讲中的上述策略却能混淆视听，有效平息人们的谴责和愤怒。

综上所述，希拉里博弈政坛的语言艺术已可见一斑。该语篇虽然还有其他值得分析的方面，但限于篇幅和水平，只能至此搁笔。本文的话语分析是为了更好地再现了希拉里坚定自信、亲和诱人的语言风格和善于把握听众情感、游刃有余的演讲技艺（这一点在现场录音中通过其语调和语气表现得淋漓尽致），以展示世界女强人驾驭语言的力与美。

[1]George Yule.TheStudy of Language[M].Cambridge：Cambridge University Press，2000.

[2]Gillian Brown etc.Discourse Analysis[M].Cambridge：Cambridge University Press，2000.

[3]黄国文.语篇分析的理论与实践：广告语篇研究[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，2001.

[4]疯狂英语编辑部.疯狂英语：黄金六年精选珍藏本[M].广州：广东语言音像出版社，2001.

作者：杨修平，硕士，衢州职业技术学院基础部讲师，主要研究方向为英语课程与教学论。

编辑：魏思思E-mail:mzxswss@126.com