❷The history of coffee

By Sims Parr/姜仲华（译）

◆语篇导读

有人说，咖啡改变了世界。时下，喝咖啡已成为一种时尚，也成为一种文化。可是你知道最著名的咖啡店叫什么，最早的咖啡店诞生地在哪？你是否了解咖啡店是如何兴起的，并且为什么会得以在全球蓬勃发展？

Hundreds of years before Starbucks Coffee becamea hot spot formaking social and business connectionsover lattesand computers,new coffee houses of a different type were widely popular in the Arab world.

The first coffee house was in theholycity of Mecca in present day Saudi Arabia.There had been nothing like that before.Thesewerepublic places,known askaveh kanes,where people gathered for the same reasons they go to Starbucks Coffee today,for coffee and conversation,to discover and share the news of the day,and to do business.They also enjoyed music,but not through earphonespluggedinto mobiledeviceslike now,of course.Those early Arabian coffee houses were lively places that pulsated （脉动）with singing and dancing performers gyrating（旋转）to the rhythm ofMiddle Eastern music.

Then,as now,thousands ofpilgrimsfrom all over the world visited Mecca each year.When they returned homein those long-ago times,they took with them stories about the“wine of Araby”as coffee was once called.Arab leaders didn't want tolose their control ofthe coffee trade.To prevent coffee from being grown elsewhere and to make sure that stories were all the pilgrims took home,they didn't allow theexportof coffee beans.Dutch traders avoided these export rules that must be followed in 1616,and the world hasn't been the same since.

◆词语积淀

spot/spɒt/n.地点；场所

latte/΄lɑːteɪ/n.拿铁咖啡

holy/΄həʊli/adj.神圣的；圣洁的

plug/plʌɡ/vt.堵塞；封堵

device/dɪ΄vaɪs/n.装置；设备

rhythm/΄rɪðəm/n.节律；节奏

pilgrim/΄pɪlɡrɪm/n.朝觐者

export/΄ekspɔːt/n.输出；出口

◆语块收藏

a hot spot for做……的热点场所

over lattes通过拿铁（一种咖啡）

be known as被称作；被认为是

to the rhythm of随着……节奏

in those long-ago times在久远年代

lose one's control of对……失控

◆典句赏析

1.Where people gathered for the same reasons they go to Starbucks Coffee today.人们之所以去那儿一聚，其原因正如今天人们去星巴克咖啡店一样。

the same reason(that/as)sb.do/does...结构，意为“与某人做……的原因一样”，这里that或as引导的是原因状语从句，表示“同一”时，两者都可用，但是多数情况用that，两者也可以省略。类似的结构也可以用来表示方式、时间和地点状语等。

【即时尝试】我是顺着进来的路出去的。

2.They also enjoyed music,but not through earphones plugged into mobile devices like now,of course.他们也欣赏音乐，不过当然不是像现在这样把耳机插在移动装置上。

plugged into mobile devices是过去分词短语，作名词earphones的后置定语，相当于限制性定语从句which were plugged into mobile devices。一般情况下，过去分词（短语）作定语时，过去分词和被修饰的词之间是动宾关系。

【即时尝试】那个叫王静的女士是一位著名的歌唱家。

3.To prevent coffee from being grown elsewhere and to make sure that stories were all the pilgrims took home,they didn't allow the export of coffee beans.为了阻止咖啡在其他地方种植，确保朝觐者们带回来的只是一些有关咖啡的故事，他们禁止了咖啡豆的出口。

prevent sb.(from)doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“阻止某人做某事”，与keep sb.(from)doing sth./stop sb.(from)doing sth.同义；make sure是“务必；确保”的意思，其后一般接由that引导的宾语从句。

【即时尝试】我们应该防止这条河流被污水污染。

（答案见第63页）

译文助读

在星巴克咖啡店通过拿铁和电脑成为社交活动和商务联络的热闹场所之前的数百年时间里，一种不同以往的新型咖啡店在阿拉伯世界广受欢迎。

最早的咖啡店诞生在现在的沙特阿拉伯的麦加圣城，此前，再没有哪儿有过类似的咖啡店了。咖啡店是公共场所，当时被叫作“凯威凯尼斯”。人们之所以去那儿一聚，其原因正如今天人们去星巴克咖啡店一样，喝喝咖啡，随意聊聊，打听和分享当天的新闻，此外还有去谈生意的。他们在咖啡店也欣赏音乐，当然不是像现在这样把耳机插在移动装置上。那些早期的阿拉伯咖啡店是充满了活力的动感地带，它们和着中东音乐的节拍与旋律，随着歌舞者们一起脉动。

当时和现在一样，每年都有成千上万的朝觐者们纷纷从世界各地赶来麦加朝觐。在那久远的年代，人们朝觐归去还要带回一些关于“阿拉伯之酒”（当时对咖啡的称呼）的故事。阿拉伯的头领们是不愿意失去对咖啡贸易的控制的，为了阻止咖啡在其他地方种植，确保朝觐者们带回来的只是一些有关咖啡的故事，他们禁止了咖啡豆的出口。1616年，荷兰商人们避开了这些必须遵守的出口规则，从此世界就不再是以前的样子了。