乳果糖治疗阿片类药物所致便秘的临床分析

张建筑

[摘要] 目的 探讨乳果糖治疗阿片类药物所致便秘的临床效果。方法 方便抽取2018年8月—2019年8月在该院接受治疗的阿片类药物所致便秘患者78例为研究对象，根据其住院先后顺序从1～78编号，再按等差数列首项为1，公差为2的方式将78例患者平均分为两组，即对照组与实验组，两组患者均为39例。对照组采用番泻叶治疗，实验组采取乳果糖口服液治疗，对比两组患者的治疗效果。结果 实验组患者治疗总有效率94.87%高于对照组76.92%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.245，P<0.05）;治疗前，实验组与对照组患者便秘评分，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗后，实验组患者便秘评分（4.82±1.88）分显著低于对照组（6.99±1.54）分，差异有统计学意义（t=6.245，P<0.05）。结论 乳果糖治疗阿片类药物所致便秘效果显著，能够提高治疗总有效率，降低患者的便秘评分，值得在临床上广泛推广。

[关键词] 乳果糖;阿片类药物;便秘;评分;总有效率;效果

[中图分类号] R730          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-0742（2020）11（a）-0090-03

Clinical Analysis of Lactulose in the Treatment of Constipation Caused by Opioids

ZHANG Jian-zhu

Department of Gastroenterology， Boxing County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine， Binzhou， Shandong Province， 256500 China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the clinical effect of lactulose in the treatment of constipation caused by opioids. Methods A total of 78 patients with constipation caused by opioids who were treated in our hospital from August 2018 to August 2019 were selected as the research objects. They were numbered from 1-78 according to their hospitalization sequence， and the first item in the arithmetic sequence was 1， with a tolerance of 2， 78 patients were equally divided into two groups， namely the control group and the experimental group， with 39 patients in both groups. The control group was treated with senna leaves， and the experimental group was treated with lactulose oral liquid. The treatment effects of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group was 94.87% higher than that in the control group 76.92%， the difference was statistically significant（χ2=7.245，P<0.05）; before treatment， there was no statistically significant difference in constipation score between the experimental group and the control group（P>0.05）; After treatment， the constipation score （4.82±1.88） points of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group （6.99±1.54） points， the difference was statistically significant（t=6.245，P<0.05）. Conclusion Lactulose is effective in treating constipation caused by opioids. It can improve the total effective rate of treatment and reduce the constipation score of patients. It is worthy of being widely promoted in clinical practice.

[Key words] Lactulose; Opioids; Constipation; Score; Total effective rate; Effect

癌癥患者普遍经受严重的生理疼痛，多数患者在长期的病痛折磨下容易产生轻生的念头[1]。目前来看，癌症是无法根治的，但是能够通过药物减轻患者的疼痛感。癌性疼痛对患者的正常生活有很大影响，在癌痛控制过程中，要选择合适的药物[2]。阿片类药物是常用的药物，能够缓解患者的生理疼痛感，被广泛应用于中重度癌痛治疗中[3]。研究发现患者长期服用阿片类药物容易引起便秘，而且便秘概率高达80%以上，药物剂量越大，患者的便秘程度越严重，给患者的正常生活带来极大影响[4]。还有部分患者无法忍受便秘的疼痛感停用了阿片类药物，延长了治疗周期。临床发现给予患者乳果糖口服液能够缓解患者的便秘症状，基于此该次研究方便抽取2018年8月—2019年8月在该院接受治疗的阿片类药物所致便秘患者78例为研究对象，探讨乳果糖治疗阿片类药物所致便秘的临床效果。现报道如下。