时间:2024-07-28
马轩,耿頔*,易立涛,翁连进
(华侨大学厦门校区 化工学院,福建 厦门 361021)
·综述·
云实属植物的化学成分与生物活性研究进展
马轩1,耿頔1*,易立涛1,翁连进1
(华侨大学厦门校区 化工学院,福建 厦门 361021)
查阅国内外相关文献,对2005年以来报道的云实属植物的化学成分及其生物活性进行综述。云实属植物中含有萜类、黄酮类、甾体等多种化学成分,具有抗病毒、抗炎、抗疟疾、抗肿瘤等生物活性。
云实属;二萜化合物;生物活性
云实属(CaesalpiniaL.)植物约有120~150个物种,为一多元属(polyphyletic)。东南亚是云实亚科的一个分布中心,中国云实属植物有20个物种,从热带到温带地区均有分布[1]。该属植物有云实Caesalpiniadecapetala、苦石莲CaesalpiniaminaxHance、苏木CaesalpiniasappanL.入药,多作为民间用药,其根、皮、种子入药可用于治疗发热、疟疾、风湿病等病症[2]。吴兆华等[2]对2005年之前报道的云实属化学成分及药理作用进行综述,云实属植物部分化学成分表现出较强的体外生物活性,具有广阔的应用前景和较大的研究价值。本文对2005年以来有关云实属植物化学成分和生物活性方面的报道进行综述,概括了近年来云实属植物的研究概况,为其深入的研究提供参考。
目前对该属植物的研究,主要报道了二萜、黄酮等化学成分。
1.1 二萜类化合物
从该属得到140余个二萜类化合物,主要是cassane二萜和norcassane二萜。在C.pulcherrima、C.crista、C.sappan、C.minax等植物中都有文献报道[3-31],结构式如图1所示。
1.2 黄酮类化合物
在C.pulcherrima、C.millettiiHook.、C.digynaRottler等植物中均发现了黄酮类化合物[32-41],结构式如图2所示。
1.3 其他
除了二萜类和黄酮类化学成分,在该属植物也发现了其他类型的化合物[28,42-48],结构式如图3所示。
2.1 抗炎、抗氧化活性
Min等[35]从C.sappanL分离得到化学成分protosappanin A、3-deoxysappanchalcone,以RAW264.7
图1 云实属植物中的二萜类化合物
图2 云实属植物中的黄酮类化合物
图3 云实属植物中的其他化合物
巨噬细胞中脂多糖(LPS)诱导的一氧化氮(NO)产量进行抗炎活性评价,表现出较强的抑制效果:IC50值分别为12.5、8.1 μmol·L-1。Yodsaoue Orapun等[27]从C.pulcherrima分离得到pulcherrins K、L、M等也有潜在的抗炎活性。Hu Jun[46]研究了C.sappanL.干燥心材95%乙醇提取液,从中分离得到protosappanin A、B和brazilein,在体外均有较好的抗氧化活性。
2.2 抗肿瘤活性
Caesalpinolide A-E均从热带云实豆中得到。Caesalpinolide A和B是差向异构体,抑制MCF-7乳腺癌细胞系细胞增殖的半数抑制浓度(IC50)值分别为12.8、6.1 μmol·L-1,同时伴有抑制子宫内膜癌和宫颈癌细胞系细胞增殖的作用。此外,Caesalpinolide D在对抗宫颈癌、前列腺癌和乳腺癌细胞系细胞增殖方面也表现出较好的活性[10,13]。
Ma Guoxu等[8]从苦石莲种子中分离得到Caesalpin A-H,Caesalpin A表现出较强的抗恶性细胞增生的活性:对HepG-2细胞的IC50值为 4.7 μmol·L-1,对MCF-7细胞的IC50值为2.1 μmol·L-1。
2.3 抗疟疾活性
Bonducellpins E-G是从热带云实豆(C.bonduc)种子乙酸乙酯溶性部位分离得到的。对耐多药菌株K1恶性疟原虫生长表现出较好的抑制活性,IC50值分别为1.6、5.8、3.8 μmol·L-1[22]。
云实属植物具有较好的生物活性,近些年主要的研究方向集中在二萜类化合物上,并且报道了很多具有较强生物活性的化学成分。需要继续深入进行云实属植物化学成分的研究,探讨其抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎等方面的生物活性,提高云实属植物资源的综合利用价值。
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AdvancesinResearchofChemicalConstituentsandBiologicalActivityofCaesalpiniaPlants
MAXuan,GENGDi*,YILitao,WENGLianjin
(CollegeofChemicalEngineering,HuaqiaoUniversity,Xiamen361021,China)
Objective:To summarize the chemical and pharmacological advances of genusCeasalpiana(Caesalpiniaceae) since 2005. Several classes of chemical compounds, such as flavonoids, diterpenoids, and steroids, have been isolated from various species which were reported to show a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antitumor and antimicrobial activities.
Caesalpinia;diterpenoids;biological activity
2014-09-21)
*
耿頔,博士,讲师,研究方向:天然药物化学;E-mail:gengyiliang_hqu@163.com
10.13313/j.issn.1673-4890.2015.5.022
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